The Impact of Lifestyle Transitions on Mental Health in Retired Individuals
Keywords:
Retirement transition, mental health, lifestyle changes, qualitative research, older adultsAbstract
This study aimed to explore how lifestyle transitions following retirement affect the mental health of individuals in an urban Iranian context. A qualitative research design was employed using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 29 retired individuals residing in Tehran. Participants were selected through purposive sampling to ensure variation in gender, educational background, and time since retirement. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using NVivo software. The analysis focused on identifying recurring themes and patterns related to mental health experiences during post-retirement lifestyle transitions. Four primary themes emerged from the data: identity and role reconfiguration, social connectivity and isolation, psychological adaptation, and lifestyle adjustments. Participants described significant emotional challenges tied to the loss of occupational identity and social status, alongside efforts to reconstruct a new sense of self. Many experienced reduced social interaction and loneliness, although some successfully cultivated new networks and roles. Emotional responses to retirement ranged from anxiety and depressive symptoms to resilience and peace, depending on coping strategies and environmental support. Adaptations in daily routines, financial management, physical activity, and digital engagement played a critical role in maintaining psychological well-being. The findings revealed both the risks and adaptive potential inherent in the retirement transition. Retirement presents a complex interplay of psychological, social, and lifestyle changes that significantly influence mental health. While some retirees struggle with loss and emotional instability, others adapt successfully by redefining their identity, engaging socially, and restructuring their daily lives. Culturally sensitive, holistic support systems are essential to help individuals navigate this transition and maintain well-being in later life.
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